CDNWiki - View Source: Billing

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Prototype

!! Buckets
Consume:
 Sink for consumed service; source for refunds
Service:
 Current allocation for service (can go negative if customer desires, or act as access cutoff)
Balance:
 Current customer balance not allocated for service (can go negative as consumed, or positive if prepaid)
Invoice:
 Amount owed on current invoice

!! Ticks

! Automatic Ticks

* Service tick
** Service -> Consume
*** Consumes a bit of service
**** once a day for daily consumption (disk, etc)
**** once a month for granular service (hosting)
**** once a year for registration (domain)

* Billing tick
** Balance -> Service
*** Replenishes Service with enough to cover the next billing period

* Unused tick
** Service -> Balance
*** Move unconsumed Service back to Balance, in case of overprovisioning or unconfigured service

* Invoice tick
** Invoice -> Balance
*** Bring Balance from negative to zero to account for currently owed outstanding
*** Bring Invoice from positive to zero to account for overpayment

* Payment tick
** Outside -> Invoice
*** Incoming payments are placed here until they're accounted for by an invoice run

! Manual Ticks

* Prepay tick
** Invoice -> Balance
*** Preemptively move money to indicate a customer's desire to prepay by owing more on next invoice than is actually outstanding

* Refund tick
** Consume -> Service
*** Refund for consumed but unprovided service (outage, etc)

!! Invoice Generation
# Generate Unused tick to refund unused service
# Generate Billing tick to fund next billing period
# Generate Invoice tick to account for payments and refunds
# Compute invoice values and lines from all ticks between current and previous Invoice tick

!! Example flows
* 20-Dec: January period starts December 20th
* 29-Dec: New customer provisioned for $10.00 VHOST MED service
* 29-Dec: Bucket balances: C:0 S:0 B:0 I:0
* 01-Jan: Service tick: $10 S->C - C:10 S:-10 B:0 I:0
* 20-Jan: February billing period starts
* 20-Jan: Unused tick (none necessary)
* 20-Jan: Billing tick: $10 B->S - C:10 S:10 B:-20 I:0
* 20-Jan: Invoice tick: $20 I->B - C:10 S:10 B:0 I:-20
Sample invoice:
<pre>
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Jan
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Feb
----
 $20.00   - Amount due
</pre>

* 30-Jan: Payment tick: $20 ?->I - C:20 S:0 B:0 I:0
* 01-Feb: Service tick: $10 S->C - C:20 S:0 B:0 I:0
* 20-Feb: March billing period starts
* 20-Feb: Unused tick (none necessary)
* 20-Feb: Billing tick: $10 B->S - C:20 S:10 B:-10 I:0
* 20-Feb: Invoice tick: $10 I->B - C:20 S:10 B:0 I:-10
<pre>
 $20.00CR - Payment received 2011-01-30, Thank you!
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Mar
----
 $10.00   - Amount due
</pre>

* Customer goes delinquent!
* 01-Mar: Service tick: $10 S->C - C:30 S:0 B:0 I:-10
* 20-Mar: April billing period starts
* 20-Mar: Unused tick (none necessary)
* 20-Mar: Billing tick: $10 B->S - C:30 S:10 B:-10 I:-10
* 20-Mar: Invoice tick: $10 I->B - C:30 S:10 B:0 I:-20
<pre>
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Mar
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Apr
----
 $20.00   - Amount due
</pre>

* Customer requests prepay so they don't go delinquent again; next invoice should be $50
* 21-Mar: Payment tick: $20 ?->I - C:30 S:10 B:0 I:0
* 21-Mar: Prepay tick:  $50 I->B - C:30 S:10 B:50 I:-50
* 01-Apr: Service tick: $10 VHOST MED - S->C - C:40 S:0 B:50 I:-50
* 20-Apr: May billing period starts
* 20-Apr: Unused tick (none necessary)
* 20-Apr: Billing tick: $10 B->S - C:40 S:10 B:40 I:-50
* 20-Apr: Invoice tick: $0  I->B - C:40 S:10 B:40 I:-50
<pre>
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Mar
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Apr
 $20.00CR - Payment received 2011-03-21, Thank you!
 $40.00   - Prepay request
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-May
----
 $50.00   - Amount due
</pre>

* 25-Apr: Payment tick: $50 ?->I - C:40 S:10 B:40 I:0
* 01-May: Service tick: $10 S->C - C:50 S:0 B:40 I:0
* 20-May: June billing period starts
* 20-May: Unused tick (none necessary)
* 20-May: Billing tick: $10 B->S - C:50 S:10 B:30 I:0
* 20-May: Invoice tick: $0  I->B - C:50 S:10 B:30 I:0
<pre>
 $40.00   - Prepay request
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-May
 $50.00CR - Payment received 2011-04-25, Thank you!
 $10.00   - VHOST MED: example.com 2011-Jun
----
 $30.00CR - Current balance
</pre>